宣州送裴坦判官往舒州时牧欲赴官归京
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唐代]：杜牧
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君意如鸿高的的，我心悬旆正摇摇。
宣州送裴坦判官往舒州时牧欲赴官归京译文及注释
译文
和煦的太阳照耀着大地，积雪大半已消融，解冻的路面布满泥泞，经冬的野草茁出了新芽，原野上一片青葱，马声洪亮，催促主人上路。
云雾缭绕的九华山路旁，寺宇时隐时现，青弋江村边，春风杨柳，轻拂桥面。
你的志向像鸿雁一样鲜明，踌躇满志，而我的心情却像悬挂在空中的旗帜般空虚。
我们原来是一起从京城到宣州任职的，此时却不能一同回去了，在这风光明媚的春日里，我只身回到京城以后，将会感到非常寂寞的。
注释
泥融：泥泞。
行（xíng）人：裴坦，字知进，进士及第，任宣州观察府判官，诗人故旧至交。
九华山：九华山是中国佛教四大名山之一，有“佛国仙城”之称。山在池州青阳（今属安徽）西南，因有九峰，形似莲花而得名，为宣州去舒州的必经之处。
清弋（yì）江：即青弋江，在安徽省宣城县西，长江下游支流。
的的（dídí）：鲜明的样子，这里形容心情舒畅。
悬旆（pèi）：挂在空中的旗帜，这里形容心情空虚。
故国：故乡，指长安。
参考资料：
1、张学文主编．《历代送别诗选》．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1991.04：105-106
2、陈伯海编．《唐诗汇评 下》． 杭州：浙江教育出版社，1995.05. ：2357-2358
宣州送裴坦判官往舒州时牧欲赴官归京创作背景
《宣州送裴坦判官往舒州时牧欲赴官归京》作于开成四年（839年）春，在宣州（治所在今安徽宣城）做官的杜牧即将离任，回京任职。杜牧的朋友，在宣州任判官的裴坦要到舒州（治所在今安徽潜山）去，杜牧便先为他送行，并赋此诗相赠。
参考资料：
1、陈光著．《杜牧诗赏》．北京：线装书局， 2007.04：49-50
宣州送裴坦判官往舒州时牧欲赴官归京鉴赏
首联用明快的色调，简洁的笔触，勾画出一幅春郊送别图。这两句诗不只是写景而已，它还交代了送行的时间、环境，渲染了离别时的氛围。
颔联，云雾缭绕的九华山路旁，寺宇时隐时现。“九华山路”暗示裴坦的行程。眼前绿水环抱的青弋江村边，春风杨柳，轻拂桥面。青弋江在宣城西，江水绀碧，景色优美。“清弋江村”，点明送别地点。“云遮寺”，“柳拂桥”，最能体现地方风物和季节特色，同时透出诗人对友人远行的关切和惜别时的依恋之情。这里以形象化描绘代替单调冗长的叙述，语言精炼优美，富有韵味。两句一写山间，一写水边，一写远，一写近，静景中包含着动态，画面形象而鲜明，使人有身临其境的感觉。
以上四句通过写景，不露痕迹地介绍了环境，交代了送行的时间和地点，暗示了事件的进程。
颈联叙写行者与送行者的不同心境。“的的”，是鲜明的样子。裴坦刚中进士不久，春风得意，踌躇满志，像鸿雁那样展翅高飞。所以，尽管在离别的时刻，也仍然乐观、开朗，而诗人自己宦海浮沉，不很得意，此刻要与好友离别，临歧执手，更觉“心摇摇然如悬旌而无所终薄”（《史记·苏秦传》），一种空虚无着、怅然若失的感觉油然而生。
尾联把“送裴坦”和自己将要“赴官归京”两重意思一齐绾合，两人原来是一起从京城到宣州任职的，此时却不能一同回去了。在这风光明媚的春日里，诗人只身回到京城以后，将会感到非常寂寞的。
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杜牧简介
唐代·杜牧的简介
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杜牧（公元803－约852年），字牧之，号樊川居士，汉族，京兆万年（今陕西西安）人，唐代诗人。杜牧人称“小杜”，以别于杜甫。与李商隐并称“小李杜”。因晚年居长安南樊川别墅，故后世称“杜樊川”，著有《樊川文集》。
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