终风
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两汉]：佚名
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终风且暴，顾我则笑，谑浪笑敖，中心是悼。
终风且霾，惠然肯来，莫往莫来，悠悠我思。
终风且曀，不日有曀，寤言不寐，愿言则嚏。
曀曀其阴，虺虺其雷，寤言不寐，愿言则怀。
终风译文及注释
译文
风儿整天价猛吹又多狂暴，他有时冲我回头只笑一笑，全是调戏放荡嘲讽又慢傲，让我心内深感悲伤更寂寥。
风儿整日价狂吹呀雨雾罩，他是否愿意痛快回家来哟？这个负心人不来也不往啊，让我空思念呀悠悠又遥遥。
风儿整日价吹呀天色阴沉，前天阴沉沉没几天又发昏。一梦醒来就再也难以入睡，为你我伤风感冒思念殷勤。
风凄凄呀天昏地暗阴沉沉，雷声远远地传来约约隐隐。梦乡醒来就再也难以入睡，我总是不能排谴倍感伤心。
注释
终：一说终日，一说既。暴：急骤，猛烈。
谑（xuè）浪笑敖：戏谑：谑，调戏。浪，放荡。敖，放纵。
中心：心中。是悼：悼是。悼，伤心害怕。
霾（mái）：阴霾。空气中悬浮着的大量烟尘所形成的混浊现象。
惠：顺。
莫往莫来：不往来。
曀（yì）：阴云密布有风。
不日：不见太阳。有，同“又”。
寤：醒着。言：助词。寐：睡着。
嚏（tì）：打喷嚏。民间有“打喷嚏，有人想”的谚语。
曀曀：天阴暗貌。
虺（huǐ）：形容雷声。
怀：思念。
参考资料：
1、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：59-61
2、王秀梅 译注．诗经（上）：国风．北京：中华书局，2015：57-59
终风创作背景
关于此诗的背景，《毛诗序》认为是庄姜遭庄公宠妾之子州吁的欺侮而作。朱熹认为庄姜受丈夫卫庄公欺侮而作。现代学者一般认为，此诗写一位妇女被丈夫玩弄嘲笑、遗弃的遭遇，当出自民间歌谣，与庄姜无关。
参考资料：
1、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：59-61
2、王秀梅 译注．诗经（上）：国风．北京：中华书局，2015：57-59
终风鉴赏
此诗共四章。以女子的口吻，写她因丈夫的肆意调戏而悲凄，但丈夫离开后，她又转恨为念，忧其不来；夜深难寐，希望丈夫悔悟能同样也想念她。其感情一转再转，把那种既恨又恋，既知无望又难以割舍的矛盾心理真实地传达出来了。
第一章写欢娱，是从男女双方来写。“谑浪笑敖”，《鲁诗》曰：“谑，戏谑也。浪，意萌也。笑，心乐也。敖，意舒也。”连用四个动词来摹写男方的纵情粗暴，立意于当时的欢娱。“中心是悼”，悼，担心忧惧的意思，是女方担心将来的被弃，着意于将来的忧惧。
第二章承“悼”来写女子被弃后的心情。“惠然肯来”，疑惑语气中不无女子的盼望；“莫往莫来”，肯定回答中尽是女子的绝望。“悠悠我思”转出二层情思，在结构上也转出下面二章。
第三、四章表现“思”的程度之深。“寤言不寐”，是直接来写，“愿言则嚏”、“愿言则怀”则是女子设想男子是否想她，是曲折来写。而归结到男子，又与第一章写男子欢娱照应。全诗结构自然而有法度。
诗各章都采用“比”的表现手法。因比而兴，诗中展示出狂风疾走、尘土飞扬、日月无光、雷声隐隐等悚人心悸的画面，衬托出女主人公悲惨的命运，有强烈的艺术震撼力。这在古代爱情婚姻题材的诗歌中是别具一格的。
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佚名《
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皇皇者华》
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佚名《
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君子于役》
佚名简介
唐代·佚名的简介
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猜你喜欢
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送苏修往上饶
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唐代：
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李嘉祐
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爱尔无羁束，云山恣意过。一身随远岫，孤棹任轻波。
世事关心少，渔家寄宿多。芦花泊舟处，江月奈人何。
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题淮阴祠
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宋代：
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张栻
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秦关昔先驱，南郑岂淹久。
夜中丞相归，平明印垂肘。
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小雨
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宋代：
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刘攽
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烈风呼汹震山林，小雨霏微驻薄阴。南亩旱苗焦欲死，拟将如许号为霖。
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扈从春际上陵四首 其三
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明代：
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于慎行
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云间神阙九关开，树杪仙舆万乘来。雾雨萧萧阴辇路，松楸郁郁锁城台。
摐金大乐空山应，裸玉崇仪列辟陪。闻道龙衣亲负土，汉家原庙不胜哀。
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和陶诗二首 其一
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明代：
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桂彦良
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蛟龙作云雨，蜉蝣出以阴。小大各有适，胡然愁予襟。
架插千卷书，壁挂无弦琴。希贤复希圣，视古犹视今。
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句
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宋代：
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王予可
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唾尖绒舌淡红甜。