小雅·鼓钟
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两汉]：佚名
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鼓钟将将，淮水汤汤，忧心且伤。淑人君子，怀允不忘。
鼓钟喈喈，淮水湝湝，忧心且悲。淑人君子，其德不回。
鼓钟伐鼛，淮有三洲，忧心且妯。淑人君子，其德不犹。
鼓钟钦钦，鼓瑟鼓琴，笙磬同音。以雅以南，以籥不僭。
小雅·鼓钟译文及注释
译文
敲起乐钟声铿锵，淮水奔流浩荡荡，我心忧愁又悲伤。遥想善良的君子，深切怀念永难忘。
敲起乐钟声和谐，淮水滔滔不停歇，我心忧愁又悲切。遥想善良的君子，德行正直且无邪。
敲起乐钟擂起鼓，乐声回荡在三洲，我心悲哀又难受。遥想善良的君子，美德传扬垂千秋。
敲起乐钟声钦钦，又鼓瑟来又弹琴，笙磬谐调又同音。配以雅乐和南乐，籥管合奏音更真。
注释
鼓：敲击。
将（qiāng）将：同“锵锵”，象声词，形容钟声响亮。
汤（shāng）汤：大水涌流貌，犹荡荡。
淑人君子：美德之人。淑：善。
怀：思念。允：信，确实。一说为语助词。
喈（jiē）喈：象声词，形容钟声和谐。
湝（jiē）湝：水流貌，犹“汤汤”。
回：邪。
伐：敲击。鼛（gāo）：一种大鼓。
三洲：淮河上的三个小岛。
妯（chōu）：因悲伤而动容、心绪不宁。
犹：已。王引之《经义述闻》：“其德不犹’，言久而弥笃，无有已时也。”一说假借为“訧”，缺点、毛病。
钦钦：象声词，犹“将将”。
磬（qìng）：古乐器名，用玉或美石制成，有孔穿绳索悬于架上，敲击发声。
以：为，作，指演奏、表演。雅：原为乐器名，状如漆筒，两头蒙以羊皮。引申为乐调名，指天子之乐，或周王畿之乐调，即正乐。南：原为乐器名，形似钟。引申为乐调名，或说指南方江汉地区的乐调。
籥（yuè）：乐器名，似排箫。古代羽舞时边吹籥，边持翟羽舞蹈。僭（jiàn）：超越本分，此训乱。不僭，犹言按部就班，和谐合拍。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（下）：雅颂．北京：中华书局，2015：496-498
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：449-451
小雅·鼓钟创作背景
这首诗，过去有的说是刺周幽王的，有的说是周昭王时的作品，都无确证。现代很多学者认为此诗是诗人在淮水之旁或三洲之上欣赏周王朝音乐，由音乐而歆慕古代圣贤创造美好音乐的功德而创作的。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（下）：雅颂．北京：中华书局，2015：496-498
2、程俊英．诗经译注（下）．上海：上海古籍出版社，2006：327
小雅·鼓钟鉴赏
这是一首描写贵族欣赏音乐会发念古幽情的小诗。诗人是在淮水之旁或三洲之上欣赏了这场美妙的音乐会。他听到了演奏编钟，锵锵作响；淮河之水，奔腾浩荡。但诗人在此时忧心且伤感起来，原来他怀念那些古代的好人君子，而对当今世风日下颇为不满。
连续三章都是反复表达此种情绪，诗人的道德感、责任感和忧患意识非常强。一场音乐会激起了他的思古之幽情。
最后一章，诗人完全沉浸在这美妙的音乐会里了：编钟鸣响，琴瑟和谐，笙磬同音，相继演奏雅乐南乐，加之排箫乐舞，有条不紊。令人读之，有如置身其中，身临其境。
此诗记录了钟、鼓、琴、瑟、笙、磬、雅、南、籥等多种乐器共同演奏的场面。前三章写耳闻钟鼓铿锵，面对滔滔流泻的淮水，不禁悲从中来，忧思萦怀，于是想到了“淑人君子”。对他的美德懿行心向往之。卒章描写钟鼓齐鸣、琴瑟和谐的美妙乐境。如果透过字面上的这些意思来探究其深层的涵义，则会令人感到无从索解，因而朱熹在《诗集传》中也只能说：“此诗之义未详”，“此诗之义有不可知者。”
其实诗人是有感而发的，这种感慨折射出他对国运、时代的忧思。从诗的卒章来看，他所听到的不是一般的音乐，而是“雅”“南”之类的周朝之乐，这些音乐与周朝的辉煌历史联系在一起。诗人身处国运衰微的末世，听到这种盛世之音，自然会感慨今昔，悲从中来，从而会有追慕昔贤之叹。
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佚名《
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下泉》
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佚名《
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硕人》
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