简兮
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两汉]：佚名
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简兮简兮，方将万舞。日之方中，在前上处。
硕人俣俣，公庭万舞。有力如虎，执辔如组。
左手执龠，右手秉翟。赫如渥赭，公言锡爵。
山有榛，隰有苓。云谁之思？西方美人。彼美人兮，西方之人兮。
简兮译文及注释
译文
鼓声擂得震天响，盛大万舞要开场，正是红日当空照，舞蹈领队站前方。
舞师健壮又英武，公庭上面演万舞。动作有力如猛虎，手握缰绳似丝足。
左手拿着龠管吹，右手野鸡翎毛挥。红光满面像赭涂，公侯连说快赐酒。
高高山上有榛树，低田苍耳绿油油。心里思念是谁人？四方舞师真英武。那英俊的男子啊，那是从西方来呀！
注释
邶（bèi）：中国周代诸侯国名，地在今河南省汤阴县东南。
简：一说鼓声，一说形容舞师武勇之貌。朱熹注“简易不恭之意”。
方将：将要。万舞：舞名。
方中：正好中午。
在前上处：在前列的上头。
硕人：身材高大的人。俣（yǔ）俣：魁梧健美的样子。
公庭：公爵的庭堂。
辔（pèi）：马缰绳。组：丝织的宽带子。
龠（yuè）：古乐器。三孔笛。
秉：持。翟（dí）：野鸡的尾羽。
赫：红色。渥（wò）：厚。赭（zhě）：赤褐色，赭石。
锡：赐。爵：青铜制酒器，用以温酒和盛酒。
榛（zhēn）：落叶灌木。花黄褐色，果实叫榛子，果皮坚硬，果肉可食。
隰（xí）：低下的湿地。苓（líng）：一说甘草，一说苍耳，一说黄药，一说地黄。
西方：西周地区，卫国在西周的东面。美人：指舞师。
参考资料：
1、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：75-76
2、王秀梅 译注．诗经（上）：国风．北京：中华书局，2015：75-77
简兮创作背景
《邶风·简兮》一诗，由于卒章词语隐约、意象朦胧，所以全诗旨趣要眇难测。旧说是讽刺卫君不能任贤授能、使贤者居于伶官的诗，如《毛诗序》等均持此说。而今人多以为《毛诗序》不足征，纷出新解。邓荃《诗经国风译注》认为是描写舞女辛酸的诗歌。
参考资料：
1、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：75-76
2、王秀梅 译注．诗经（上）：国风．北京：中华书局，2015：75-77
简兮鉴赏
《简兮》一诗的主题，旧说是讽刺卫君不能任贤授能、使贤者居于伶官的诗，如《毛诗序》、朱熹《诗集传》、方玉润《诗经原始》、吴闿生《诗义会通》等均持此说。而今人多以为《毛诗序》不足征，纷出新解。邓荃《诗经国风译注》认为是描写舞女辛酸的诗歌，翟相君《诗经新解》却考定诗中舞者为庄姜，此篇是讽谕卫庄公沉湎声色的作品。案据诗中所用“山有榛，隰有苓”这一隐语，可知有关男女情思，所以余冠英《诗经选》、高亨《诗经今注》、袁梅《诗经译注》等认为是卫国宫廷女子（贵族妇女或一般侍女）赞美、爱慕舞师的诗歌，此说可从。最后一章的低回缠绵之气与前三章所描写的豪迈壮阔气象反差极大，疑为错简。然古代一直这么错下来，以误区当真境，亦无不可。
全诗的艺术魅力主要来自第四章，吴闿生《诗义会通》曾引旧评说“末章词微意远，缥缈无端”，这一章用朦胧的意象和晦涩的隐语将这位女性绵邈低徊的相思展示无遗。诗歌用“山有榛，隰有苓”托兴，根据《诗经》中其他七处“山有……”“隰有……”对举句式的理解，此处是以树隐喻男子，以草隐喻女子，托兴男女情思，引出下文“云谁之思？西方美人。彼美人兮，西方之人兮。”“西方美人”，旧说多附和曲解，诗意因此玄之又玄。在诗中，“西方美人”乃是指舞师，其例一同于屈原用美人代指楚王。后四句若断若连，回环复沓，意味深远。“彼美人兮，西方之人兮”两句是“云谁之思？西方美人”两句的扩展延伸，钟惺《评点诗经》云：“看他西方美人，美人西方，只倒转两字，而意已远，词已悲矣。”而“后一章两‘兮’字忽作变调，亦与首章首句神韵相应”（陈继揆《读诗臆补》），以“细媚淡远之笔作结，神韵绝佳”（牛运震《诗志》）。
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佚名《
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庭燎》
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佚名《
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国风·鄘风·君子偕老》
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