摊破浣溪沙·五里滩头风欲平
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两汉]：佚名
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五里滩头风欲平，张帆举棹觉船轻。柔橹不施停却棹，是船行。
满眼风波多闪灼，看山却似走来迎。子细看山山不动，是船行。
摊破浣溪沙·五里滩头风欲平鉴赏
这是一首反映船夫水上生活的抒情小词，它写的是狂风过后船夫们驾驶帆船前进的情景和心情。
词一开头就说”五里滩头风欲平，张帆举棹觉船轻”。五里滩，是这条河上的一个地名，“头”是方位词，它说明船已开到五里滩上了。帆船是需要借助风力的，乘风破浪，船走得更快。但这种风必须是顺风。如果吹来的风是旋风，或逆风，那就不但不能帮助帆船前进，而且还会带来危险，所以是不能张帆的。在五里滩以前，船夫们遇到的显然不是顺风。他们经过一场和狂风恶浪的搏斗以后，观察到风势将要平息，也就是“风欲平”了，就马上扯起帆来。在这个当儿，大家虽然还在继续举棹摇般，却产生了“觉船轻”的感觉。“棹”，桨板，举棹就是打桨板。既然风力可以代替人力，何必还要打桨摇橹呢，于是，便“柔橹不施停却棹”吧。在文学作品中常把橹称为柔橹，以形容橹的得心应手。橹的外形有点儿象桨，安在船梢或船旁，GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>用人摇动，它会象鱼的尾和鳍一样，通过拨水，产主推动力。“施”，使用。写到这里，船夫们的轻松愉快的感情，一下就传达出来了。
在紧张的劳动过程中，是没有空闲时间来欣赏船外的美景的，但在劳动之余，船夫们不仅轻松，而且欢快，词的下片就是通过看山看水反映了他们的心情。“满眼风波多闪灼，看山却似走来迎。”“闪灼”，形容水光闪动的样子。狂风过后，乌云也散开了，上文说“风欲平”，是还有些风，所以河里的波浪涌起，波光粼粼。这时两岸的山呐，看上去挺有趣过的，它们似乎很好客，正在急急忙忙地迎面走过来欢迎大家。但是，山是不会走动的。子细（仔细）看看，山确实没有动啊。那么，这是怎么一回事呢？哦，那不过是因为船走得快，使得坐在船上的人产生一种“走来迎”的感觉罢了。
词的上片和下片的末尾都用“是船行”作结束，它不仅起一个叙述作用，而且还象船夫的劳动号子的和声一样，余音袅袅[niǎo]，久久回荡在青山绿水之间。
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岑参《
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田使君美人舞如莲花北鋋歌》
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白居易《
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胡旋女》
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明代：
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：
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