应天长·平江波暖鸳鸯语
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唐代]：毛文锡
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平江波暖鸳鸯语，两两钓船归极浦。芦洲一夜风和雨，飞起浅沙翘雪鹭。
渔灯明远渚，兰棹今宵何处？罗袂从风轻举，愁杀采莲女！
应天长·平江波暖鸳鸯语译文及注释
译文
平静的江波送来鸳鸯温柔的戏语，三三两两的钓鱼船向远岸归去。一夜风雨吹打得沙洲芦花凋落，长颈的白鹭从浅浅的沙滩飞起。
渔火照亮远处江中的小洲，你的船今宵将在何处歇息？江风吹动罗裙轻轻地飘舞，离别的愁愁杀江边采莲女。
注释
极浦：目光望不到的水边。
芦洲：芦苇洲。
翘雪鹭：高翘长颈的白鹭。
渚：水中小块陆地。
兰棹：兰木做的桨，这里指离别的情人所乘的船。
罗袂：罗袖。从风：随风。
应天长·平江波暖鸳鸯语鉴赏
词写别情，而没有送别场面的描写，也没有GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人离别时的软语叮咛，但却把人们分离的情愫表现的深至感人。
开头两句，写水满波平而又温暖融合，鸳鸯悠闲地戏游着，相对款款作语。傍晚时分，渔船成对地返回江边洲渚之地。这是多么优美的景象，又是多么幽静闲适的生活图景。“芦洲一夜风和雨，飞起浅沙翘雪鹭”。一夜风风雨雨，洲渚上的芦苇摇晃倾斜，失去了他在平静中的姿态；栖息于水清沙浅的滩头上，稳惬舒适的白鹭，也因风雨的袭击，翘起了头，伸长了颈项，惊飞而散。
上阕，写了两种不同的自然环境和生活情景。前幅是理想的生活境界，后幅则是不理想的生活现象。白鹭惊飞，具有象征意味，暗示出人世的悲欢离合。生活中聚少三多，别易会难。词就这样潜气内转，过度到下片抒写别情。
过片先写从行人的角度回头顾望，只见停泊于极浦（远渚）的渔船闪烁着耀眼的灯光，这使他想到，那里的主人或许在过着宁静温馨、赏心快意的生活。而作者却在这风雨之夜，驾着一叶扁舟，离别亲人，迈上了征程，不知今夜将漂泊到何处，栖止于何方。通过两者在同一时间里生活情景的对比，表现了行人哀惋凄恻的别情.。“兰棹今宵何处”一句，为柳永《雨霖铃》：“今宵酒醒何处？杨柳岸、晓风残月”所本。柳词长于铺叙，层层渲染，写得比较“放”、“露”，固属名句；“毛词简直而情景俱足”，不同于柳词，只是用笔一点，但主人公漂泊无依的寂寥落寞的景象，凄楚悲酸的情怀，也都深深地包蕴其中，亦很警策。
词的最后两句则转笔写送行者在他们分别时不胜其情，用以渲染行人的离情别绪。直到这里，“采莲女”才出现，这表明词里所写的是一对GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人的离别。但它是在描写抒情中顺笔点出，并未着力描写，殊为省净。“罗袂从风轻举”，风吹起了她的衣袖，也吹乱了她的心，这一细节，将女子目送行人远去，悲怨难禁的情态逼肖地表现出来。对抒写行人的别情来说，“渔灯明远渚”起相反相成的作用，这两句则起相辅相成的作用。它们从不同的侧面对行人的情丝恨缕作了有力的烘托。
前人评毛词“质直寡味”。此词初看上去，两句一幅画面，一种情景，似乎各自独立。其实，每一幅画，每一种情景，都是紧扣别情的。有的寄寓着离人的生活理想和美好追求，有的象征着劳燕分飞的惊恐凄楚；有的从相反的情形来反衬，也有的从相似的情形来烘托，感伤离别的宗旨得到了多层次，多侧面的挖掘和表现，因而也就显得较为深刻。可以说，这首词在同类题材中，写法却有巧妙别致之处。
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唐末五代时人，字平珪，高阳（今属河北人），一作南阳（今属河南）人。年十四，登进士第。已而入蜀，从王建，官翰林学士承旨，进文思殿大学士，拜司徒，蜀亡，随王衍降唐。未几，复事孟氏，与欧阳烔等五人以小词为孟昶所赏。《花间集》称毛司徒，著有《前蜀纪事》《茶谱》，词存三十二首，今有王国维辑《毛司徒词》一卷。
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