栖禅暮归书所见二首
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宋代]：唐庚
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雨在时时黑，春归处处青。
山深失小寺，湖尽得孤亭。
春着湖烟腻，晴摇野水光。
草青仍过雨，山紫更斜阳。
栖禅暮归书所见二首译文及注释
译文
刚下过一阵雨，旋即又阴云漠漠，似乎在酝酿着另一阵雨。春回大地，处处一片青绿之色。
暮归途中，回望山峦，只见暮霭朦胧，不见日间所游的小寺；信步走到湖的尽头，忽然发现了一座孤亭。
春天来了，湖上缭绕着烟霭，带有浓重的湿意；晴光照耀，野外的河流池塘，波光粼粼，摇荡不已。
绿草刚经过一番春雨的冲洗，更显得青翠欲滴；烟光凝聚的山头，一派紫色，斜阳返照，增添了几分色泽。
注释
栖禅：栖禅山，在惠州（今属广东）。
雨在：大雨已过，阴云未尽，似在酝酿着另一场雨。
湖：指丰湖，在惠州城西，栖禅山即在丰湖边。尽：尽头。
着：着落。这里指春天来到。
仍：又，还。
参考资料：
1、刘学锴 等．宋诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1987：726-728
2、于非．中国古代文学作品选．北京：高等教育出版社，2002
3、张骄奇．宋代文学作品精选．广州：广东教育出版社，2007
栖禅暮归书所见二首创作背景
这组诗作于宋徽宗政和二年壬辰（公元1112 年）。唐庚和苏轼是同乡，身世遭遇也有些相似，人称“小东坡”。苏轼曾谪居惠州数年，唐庚因受知于张商英，张商英罢相后他也被贬惠州多年。这组诗就是他贬惠州期间所作。
参考资料：
1、刘学锴 等．宋诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1987：726-728
栖禅暮归书所见二首鉴赏
这两首诗题中所说的“栖禅”，是惠州的一座山。诗写作者游栖禅山暮归时的所见景物。
第一首起句写岭南春天特有的气侯景象：刚下过一阵雨，天色明亮了一些；但旋即又阴云漠漠，在酝酿着另一阵雨。这变幻不定、时雨时停、时明时暗的天容和欲下未下的雨意，只用一个白描句子，便真切形象地表现出来。“在”字是个句眼，却显得自然浑成，不见着意的痕迹。
次句“春归处处青”，由天容写到野色。“归”既可指归去，也可指归来，这里用后一义，传出喜悦之情；缀以“处处青”三字，欢欣之情更溢于言表。作者《春归》说：“东风定何物？所至辄苍然。”“所至”句亦即“春归处处青”的意思。不过《春归》诗强调春风的作用，该篇则泛言春归绿遍，暗示这种时下时停的春雨有滋润万物的作用。
第三句“山深失小寺”，正面点到栖禅山。句中“小寺”，即栖禅寺。题中说“暮归”，则栖禅寺在白天游览过程中已经去过，这里说“失小寺”，是暮归回望时，因为山峦重叠，暮霭朦胧，已不复见日间所游的小寺。山深，寺小，故用“失”字表达。这里透出了诗人对日间所历胜景的留恋，也隐约流露了一丝怅然若失的意绪。
末句“湖尽得孤亭”，与上一句相对。上句是回望所见，下句是前行所遇。湖，指惠州丰湖，在城西，栖禅山即在丰湖之上。诗人在暮归途中，信步走到丰湖尽头，忽然发现有一座孤亭，感到很喜悦。三四两句，一方面是恍然若失，一方面却是欣然而遇，这中间贯串着诗人的“暮归”行程。
第二首起句“春着湖烟腻”，紧承组诗第一首结尾，仍写丰湖。春天来了，湖上缭绕着一层带有浓重湿意的烟霭，给人一种化不开的粘腻之感。句末的“腻”字固然是刻意锤炼，表现了春日南方卑湿之地的烟雨迷蒙，“着”字也同样是着意经营。春天，仿佛将它的灵魂与生命附着于湖烟之上，使湖烟也变得粘腻了。
次句“晴摇野水光”，写田野上的水流或湖塘在春天晴光的照映下，波光粼粼，摇曳不定。“摇”字不仅富于动态感，而且透出诗人的一份愉悦感。诗人的心，如同也在随着水光摇动。
“草青仍过雨”，第三句又回到天气的变幻。草色青绿，一片春意，而时停时下的雨在行程中又掠过了一阵。经过雨的清洗，草色显得更青了。
“山紫更斜阳”，傍晚时分，烟霭凝聚，山色显得青紫，紫由返照而来，王勃《滕王阁序》有“烟光凝而暮山紫”之句，可与此参证。雨后斜阳的返照，使暮山更增添了妩媚和色泽。“更”字与上句“仍”字相应，突出斜阳的作用，用斜阳作衬托，增加了色彩的变化。
这四句诗，每句如一幅独立的图画，合在一起，就是一幅完整的栖禅暮景图。诗人巧妙地把实景湖、水、草、山与季节、天气、时间结合在一起，主体与背景安排得分外和谐。在具体写景时，不是就景写景，而是尽力通过客观景物与感觉相结合来描述，烟雾湿腻，水光闪耀，草色青翠如滴，暮山紫色浓厚，山中的景观与诗人浏览时的情趣一起展现，引发读者去感受，去想象。
诗全首用对，工稳自然。前两句，使用动词“着”与“摇”字，使景物与节令、天气关联，让无情的景物带有主动的情感。后两句使用“仍”、“更”两个副词，作进一层描写，使形象更为鲜明。对实词的锤炼也同样令人瞩目。首句的“腻”字，写出南方春天雨后，日光照耀下烟雾迷濛的情况，给人以化不开的黏腻潮湿的感觉。末句的“紫”字也很见观察得细致。傍晚时烟气凝聚，远山在斜阳照射下，呈现出青紫色，这一形象，与唐王勃《滕王阁序》“烟光凝而暮山紫”几乎相同。
色彩和谐也是此诗一大特色。诗不仅在后两句用了“青”、“紫”两个颜色字，前两句的“湖烟”、“野水”也隐含色彩。这样，既有大块的颜色，又有小块的颜色，层次分明，深浅相间，与诗所写的春、晴、暮三点丝丝入扣，妙手绘出山野的独特景色。
这两首诗，前首由天气写到山容湖景，后首由湖景写到变幻的天气和绿野紫山。“暮归”是所写景物的贯串线索。两首在写法上偏于实写刻画，与唐代绝句多空灵蕴籍不同。两首诗均用对起对结格式，一句一景。表面上各自独立，不相连属，实际上所写景物不但为春日所共有，而且带有岭南地区春天晴雨变幻以及“暮归”这个特定时间的特征。因此，尽管各个画面之间没有明显的过渡与联系，但这些图景给读者总的感受是统一的。读者不但可以从中看到岭南春归时烟腻水摇、草青山紫的美好春色，而且可以感受到诗人对此的喜悦之情。这种以刻画实境为主、一句一景、似离实合的写景手法，在杜甫入蜀后的不少绝句中可以遇到。
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姜夔《
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琵琶仙·双桨来时》
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赵令畤《
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唐庚简介
唐代·唐庚的简介
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唐庚，1070年～1120年在世，北宋诗人。字子西，人称鲁国先生。眉州丹棱（今属四川眉山市丹棱县）唐河乡人。哲宗绍圣（一○九四）进士（清光绪《丹棱县志》卷六），徽宗大观中为宗子博士。经宰相张商英推荐，授提举京畿常平。商英罢相，庚亦被贬，谪居惠州。后遇赦北归，复官承议郎，提举上清太平宫。后于返蜀道中病逝。
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断云迷古戍，落日照西山。幸有声歌在，更残且未还。
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题郭主簿模摩诘本辋川图卷 其十五 白石滩
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元代：
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杨敬德
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湍驶风逾清，水明石可把。倚杖独移时，白鸥翩然下。
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次韵张仲文雪中见寄
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元代：
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叶颙
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万境无声玉宇空，江山晃耀失西东。溶溶不夜梨花月，衮衮长春柳絮风。
儿女浅斟金帐酒，英雄方建铁城功。池边鹅鸭休惊扰，恐混军声耳为聋。