风流子·木叶亭皋下
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
宋代]：张耒
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
木叶亭皋下，重阳近，又是捣衣秋。奈愁入庾肠，老侵潘鬓，谩簪黄菊，花也应羞。楚天晚，白苹烟尽处，红蓼水边头。芳草有情，夕阳无语，雁横南浦，人倚西楼。
玉容知安否？香笺共锦字，两处悠悠。空恨碧云离合，青鸟沉浮。向风前懊恼，芳心一点，寸眉两叶，禁甚闲愁？情到不堪言处，分付东流。
风流子·木叶亭皋下译文及注释
译文
树叶纷纷飘落到水边平地上，重阳节近了，又到了捣寒衣的秋天。怎奈我愁绪萦绕心中．白发生于两鬓，即便随意地将菊花插在头上，花也应该感到被羞辱了吧。天色已晚，（我极目远望）直望到白苹烟尽之处，水边开花的红蓼深处。芳草脉脉含情，夕阳寂寂无语，大雁横在南浦上，人则斜倚西楼。
不知你是否安好？书信和题诗，因两地相隔遥遥而无法见寄。只能空白怨恨那时聚时散的白云，青鸟在其中隐现。你在风中懊恼不已，一片芳心，两叶柳眉，怎能禁得起闲愁呢？情到不能言说之处，只能付与那东流水。
注释
木叶：即树叶。后世常以此写秋景，兼写乡思。亭皋：水边平地。
重阳：即阴历九月九日；古时风俗，人们常在这天登高，佩茱萸，饮菊花酒。有亲友在外，届时不免互相思念。王维《九月九日忆山东兄弟》云：“遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人”。
捣衣：古代妇女于秋季渐寒时，在砧石上捶打寒衣以备寄送远方的亲人过冬。
庾肠：即庾信的愁肠，喻思乡的愁肠。后人常以“庾愁”代指思乡之心。
潘鬓：即潘岳的斑鬓。这里词人以“潘鬓”自喻身心渐衰之貌。
楚天：南方的天空。白蓣：水中浮草名。
红蓼：生于水中者名泽蓼或水蓼，开浅红色小花，叶味辛香。
南浦：指分别的地方。
“香笺”，即美好的书札；锦字：织锦上的字，指女子给丈夫的书信。晋代窦滔以罪徙流沙，其妻苏蕙，因思念丈夫，织绵为《回文旋图诗》以寄，后世常以此指妻子寄书丈夫，表达相思之情。
青鸟：传说西王母饲养的鸟，能传递信息，后世常以此指传信的使者。据《汉武故事》，西王母曾令青鸟传书。
参考资料：
1、周汝昌 宛敏灏 等撰 ．宋词鉴赏辞典 （上册） ：上海辞书出版社 ，2003年 ：669-672 ．
2、杨宗义 ．宋词三百首详注 ：四川大学出版社 ，2001年 ：142-143 ．
3、宋词三百首 ．（清）朱孝臧编选；思履主编 ：中国华侨出版社 ，2013 ：211 ．
风流子·木叶亭皋下创作背景
这首《风流子》是写游子思妇相思之情的。从词中用语“重阳”“捣衣”“庾肠”“潘鬓…‘锦字”等来看，可能是作者因坐元韦占党籍，被贬外州时思念妻子所作。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋，钟振振主编 ．宋词鉴赏辞典 ：商务印书馆国际有限公司 ，,2011 ：523-525 ．
风流子·木叶亭皋下鉴赏
这首词抒发了作者羁旅的愁思和对妻子的思念。上阙首尾写景，中间穿插议论。秋景自然引发乡愁，‘‘庾肠”、“皤髻”等连续用典，悲叹年华已逝。下阙写妻子思夫，想像对方思念之苦。结尾“情到不堪言处，分付东流”更是悲苦之极。
上片落笔写景，首先点明季节。“木叶亭皋下”三句，写时近重阳，树叶纷纷飘落到平荡的水边地上，又是妇女为亲人捶打寒衣的深秋了。这种“捣衣”之声，最易引起闺中少妇对远方GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人的痛苦思念。而远行之人也容易因此想到妻子在家为自己捣衣的情景，既感到痛苦又温暖。这里“木叶”“捣衣”连用，不仅写出了深秋特有的景色，为全词烘托出萧瑟凄清的背景，而且为下面的词意发展作了有力的铺垫。
“奈愁入庾肠，老侵潘鬓，谩簪黄菊，花也应羞。”这数句又紧承起句，意思说，怎奈我愁绪萦绕心中，白发现于鬓角，再轻慢地把黄菊插在头发上，那菊花也该感到羞辱吧。词人由于忧伤，鬓衰将不胜簪，故云：“谩簪黄菊，花也应羞。”以此反衬出暮感的深沉、乡愁的浓烈。
“楚天晚，白苹烟尽处，红蓼水边头。”在写景中寓离别相思之意。心中既然充满乡愁暮感，所以不仅遥望楚天的晚空，一直望到水气缭绕的白苹尽头，一直望到水边开花的红蓼深处。“白苹”，水中浮草，因其随波漂流，容易引起游子产生离家漂泊的伤感。
词人是淮阳人，所以，遥望楚天，思乡之念便在不言中了；再加两点染，则把他乡愁之深烘托出来了。这里虽纯是写景，但景中含情，意在言外。
“芳草有情，夕阳无语，雁横南浦，人倚西楼。”数句紧承“白苹”“红蓼”两句而来，含着情意的芳草，默默无语的夕阳，横渡南面水滨的大雁，是词人所望到的，但却没有望到故乡，在这种望而不得的情况下，他只好倚着西楼心往神驰了。这几句写景，将词人遥望故乡而不得的执着深情又推进了一层，词意含蓄，画面完整，真所谓“物以情观，情以物见”了。“人倚西楼”点出游子登眺之处，交代了“楚天晚”至“雁横南浦”六句都是极目之所见；由所见而引起所感，因而所见之景物都似有了人的感情。
下片换头“玉容知安否？”点明所思之人，揭示了词旨所在，使上片所写种种情景明朗化。这句“玉容”，极言容貌之美如花似玉，这儿即指倚楼遥思的对象。“知安否？”曲尽对遥思对象的关切和挂念，由此而引起下面相思的倾诉、深情的抒发。
“香笺共锦字，两处悠悠。空恨碧云离合，青鸟沉浮”意谓书信和题诗，由于两地渺远而无法见寄，徒然地怨那晴云分离，使者隐没。“碧云”这里借以写对于闺中人的怀思。由于香笺锦字，两处悠悠，碧云已合而佳人未来，青鸟杳然而音书全无。词人于此以铺叙写法表达两地分居、不见来信的怅怨，愈加显出“知安否”所包含的深沉挂念的分量。
“向风前懊恼”四句，转以想象之笔，设想妻子思念自己时的痛苦情状。他想象妻子也许在风前月下，芳心懊恼，眉头紧皱，怎么也止不住那百无聊赖的愁思。写对方思念自己，正是为了表达自己对于妻子深挚的爱情与痛苦的思念。
“情到不堪言处，分付东流”用质语绾合全篇。相思至极，欲说还休；不是不想说，而是说了愈加愁苦，倒不如将此情交付给东流之水带去为好。毛滂《惜分飞》曾云：“今夜山深处，断魂分付潮回去。”构思、手法与此相同。
这首词艺术上的一个特点是用典极丰，而又不露痕迹，毫无堆砌罗列之感，显得贴切自然、浑然天成；另外全词六副对偶，也令人叫绝。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
白居易《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
和微之四月一日作》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
刘昚虚《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
暮秋扬子江寄孟浩然》
张耒简介
唐代·张耒的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
北宋文学家，擅长诗词，为苏门四学士之一。《全宋词》《全宋诗》中有他的多篇作品。早年游学于陈，学官苏辙重爱，从学于苏轼，苏轼说他的文章类似苏辙，汪洋澹泊。其诗学白居易、张籍，如：《田家》《海州道中》《输麦行》多反映下层人民的生活以及自己的生活感受，风格平易晓畅。著作有《柯山集》五十卷、《拾遗》十二卷、《续拾遗》一卷。《宋史》卷四四四有传。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
题四景山水 其四
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
邓林
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
六出花开不待春，滕神工巧夺天真。野人富贵无心得，门巷璚瑶一夜新。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
新燕
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
赵公豫
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
养成羽翼在雕梁，掠水穿花技本长。舌口澜翻惊午梦，好风吹到竹方床。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
筹边堂
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
梁介
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
筹边无它长，幸此岁有秋。
吏无打门宣，民无失业忧。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
道上观别者
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
王称
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
完山有鸣鸟，其声一何哀。死别徒已矣，生离当告谁。
圣人出应期，玉烛耀九垓。三殇无怨苛，四表罔不谐。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
中秋下浣次计幕诸公佳什之韵
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
赵善括
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
驹隙匆匆不暂留，谁能宴坐学裴休。
君携嘉客江亭醉，我泛扁舟楚泽秋。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
代人上平江徐郎五首
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
曾协
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/powerkey.com.cn/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
秋到人间敛麴尘，于门初见矞星辰。
须知宇内风云合，况是天边雨露新。