醉高歌·感怀
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元代]：张弘范
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十年燕月歌声，几点吴霜鬓影。西风吹起鲈鱼兴，已在桑榆暮景。
荣枯枕上三更，傀儡场头四并。人生幻化如泡影，那个临危自省？
岸边烟柳苍苍，江上寒波漾漾。阳关旧曲低低唱，只恐行人断肠。
十年旧剑长吁，一曲琵琶暗许。月明江上别湓浦，愁听兰舟夜雨。
醉高歌·感怀译文及注释
译文
十年京城观赏燕月、笙歌宴舞的生活，到吴地后两鬓已是白霜点点。西风吹起，兴起思归品鲈鱼之念，而此时人已经步入晚年。
人生的发达与衰败，官场上的良辰、美景、赏心、乐事，都是幻化泡影，人生无常荣华富贵不过过眼云烟。
长江畔，翠柳含烟，远远望去，一片青翠莽苍；微风拂起，江水波光粼粼，似乎带有一丝寒意。道别后，只听得那令人断肠的《阳关》旧曲在低低吟唱，因为害怕远行者听到后会更加感伤。
多年的为官生涯令人感叹，一曲琵琶传递思绪；与友人分别，在月白风清的夜晚乘船离开九江，最怕在木兰舟中听那淅淅沥沥的夜雨声。
注释
中吕：宫调名，元曲常用宫调之一。
醉高歌：中吕宫曲牌名，亦入正宫。又名“最高楼”，小令兼用。
燕（yān）月歌声：用战国时荆轲的掌故。燕，指元京城大都。
霜：喻指白发。一说“吴霜”即指江南的寒霜。
“西风”句：用西晋张翰的典故。此处作宾语，指思念故乡。
已在：一作“晚节”。桑榆晚景：原指日落景象。此处喻年老。东隅，指日出处；桑榆，指日落处。
傀（kuǐ）儡（lěi）场：演傀儡戏的场所。亦喻指官场。
荣枯：喻人世的盛衰、穷达。
四并：指良辰、美景、赏心、乐事四者同时遭逢。
十年：多年。
书剑：指文人的游宦生涯。
长吁：即长叹，指多年的为官生涯真令人感叹。
暗许：暗中许诺。
湓浦（pǔ）：即湓水。
参考资料：
1、滕 森．元曲三百首彩图馆．北京：中国华侨出版社，2016：71
2、曾永义．黑暗时代的自由颂——元人散曲．北京：线装书局，2012：177
3、汪少林 严成荣．元曲三百首详注．南昌：江西高校出版社，1994：304
醉高歌·感怀创作背景
这组曲子约作于姚燧临近七十岁时。元成宗大德九年（1305）姚燧拜江西行省参知政事，想必到九江巡视，之后有感而作《醉高歌·感怀》。这四首曲子或不作于同时。
参考资料：
1、蒋星煜 等．元曲鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1990：219-221
2、陈思思 于湘婉．元曲鉴赏大全集（上）．北京：中国华侨出版社，2012：146
醉高歌·感怀鉴赏
第一支曲是思归之作，反映了作者人到晚年思归之迫切。首两句写作者自己的经历和现状，言浅意深，颇有反躬自省之味。作者用平淡的语调，省净的笔墨，总结自己的大半生，看似寻常，却饱含人世沧桑。这里用“燕月歌声”对“吴霜鬓影”，一面是繁华的往事，一面是已然衰老的自己，既有对美好过去的感怀，又有对未来人生的担忧和惆怅。此二句已经有了“不如归去”的意思。后两句则将作者想辞官还乡的心意挑明。这两句写的是眼前景，化用张翰“莼鲈之思”的故事，抒发自己厌官思归的情怀。这支小令是有感而作，抒发情怀，所以寥寥数语，就表现出真挚动人的情感。
第二支小令表达对人生无常，好景难久的生命感受，认为富贵荣华不过是过眼烟云，转头即空。求功博名带来的不是福，而是在种祸。这种感受表明了处于那个特定的压抑、黑暗社会之中，每个人都面临着不能自主自己命运的人生困境。同时含有规劝世人不要贪恋功名之意。
第三支曲是送别之作。开头两句用江边苍茫的景色，衬托与友人离别的凄怆心情。后两句是写送行人唱曲的心意，行人远行本来就心情低沉，送行人再反复高唱“西出阳关无故人”就会更增加友人的离愁，出于关心友人的情绪，所以送行人有意识地“《阳关》旧曲低低唱”，以免行人闻声欲断肠。这支小曲写得有景有情，表现出作者精巧的艺术构思。这首曲描写了一个送别的场面。长江畔，翠柳含烟，远远望去，一片青翠莽苍；初春季节，微风拂起，江水波光粼粼，似乎带有一丝寒意。就在这样的环境中，送行者与友人分别了。一切的“珍重”、“再见”都已经道过了，只听得那令人断肠的《阳关》旧曲在低低吟唱，因为害怕远行者听到后会更加感伤。这首曲与李白《黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵》诗，在内容上大同小异，但在写法上，特别是在场面选择上。有着自己的特点。李白选取的场景是友人乘船离去，孤帆远影，碧空无际，长江尽头，天水相连，人们彷佛看到诗人还站在岸边，痴情地望着远方。作者的小令，却选取了友人的船只欲去未去之际，杨柳依依，波光漾漾，离歌送行，话短情长。就感情的表达来看，二者也是有区别的，李白重在抒发送行者的感受，虽有离别的怅惘，笔调却显得轻快活泼。作者的小令则善于体会行者的心情，特别是“《阳关》旧曲低低唱，只恐行人断肠”两句，对友人的一片深情表现得极为细腻体贴。其实，“断肠”者岂止行人，送行者此时亦柔肠百结，胸中充溢着离别的哀伤。曲词语言浅白，笔调舒缓，情感沉郁，亲切自然。
最后一支小令是因白居易《琵琶行》而起兴，抒发了作者心中的一种惆怅之情。“十年书剑长吁”，十年，言其多年，与“十年燕月歌声”之十年相类。“书剑”，代指文人的游宦生涯；“长吁”，即长叹，指多年的为官生涯真令人感叹。“一曲琵琶暗许”，暗许，暗中许诺，心灵达到默契境界，可谓“心有灵犀一点通”。《琵琶行》里有“同是天涯沦落人，相逢何必曾相识”；“莫辞更坐弹一曲，为君翻作琵琶行”。在白居易的诗里，琵琶女的身世引起了诗人的自省、共鸣，到了元代，故事发展了，白居易与琵琶女之间除了遭遇相类的同情，还有心灵震颤的爱情，马致远的杂剧《青衫泪》，就把白居易与琵琶女的经历敷演成由恋爱到结婚的喜剧。姚燧这里的“暗许”，已是后人从《琵琶行》生发出的意义。然而，姚燧是否在自己的情爱生涯中亦有一段隐恨呢？今天已不得而知了。或许，它只是作者在这里因地而点缀，发思古之幽情，从而对古人仕途蹭蹬所作的感慨，亦或是寄托了对友人的思绪。“月明江上别湓浦，愁听兰舟夜雨。”这两句很象姚燧自叙，他很可能在一个月白风清的夜晚乘船离开九江，与友人分别后，最怕在木兰舟中听那淅淅沥沥的夜雨声。姚燧拜官江西，史书并未说是贬官，但此时他已为耆旧之人，加之又作外官，常常思归故里，这样，白居易与琵琶女相遇时的烦闷，恰恰契合了他此时的心境。因此，或许可以这样认为：姚燧的这首小令，是通过描写白居易的故事，抒发自己羁旅行役中的忧闷。回头再看首句：“十年书剑长吁”，即是感叹白居易的经历，似乎又是对自己忙忙碌碌于仕途的感慨了。这支曲写得比较含蓄深折，作者以衬托的手法关合自身，咏古抒怀，情韵绵邈，委婉深沉。姚燧流传下来的散曲作品并不多，然而大都舂容闲雅，江河脱俗，在元代前期散曲作家中，确实是别具一格的。
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方岳《
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清明日舟次吴门》
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柳宗元《
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零陵早春》
张弘范简介
唐代·张弘范的简介
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张弘范（1238年—1280年），字仲畴，易州定兴人，元朝初期重要将领，名将张柔第九子，曾参加过襄阳之战，后跟随元帅伯颜南下攻打南宋，是忽必烈灭宋之战的主要指挥者，曾击败南宋将领文天祥与张世杰，官居江东道宣慰使，深受元世祖忽必烈的器重。至元十七年（1280年）正月十日病死，时年四十三岁。元世祖赠予银青荣禄大夫、平章政事，予谥武烈。元武宗至大四年（1311年），加赠推忠效节翊运功臣、太师、开府仪同三司、上柱国、齐国公，改谥忠武。元仁宗延祐五年（1319年），加赠“保大功臣”，加封淮阳王，予谥献武。
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宋代：
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蒲宗孟
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想到零陵日，高歌足解颜。乡闾接营道，风物近庐山。
万石今兴废，三亭谁往还。不知零与永，二郡孰安閒。
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买菊
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清代：
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焦循
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重阳风雨遍扬州，买得秋花又一秋。说是傲霜吾不信，朝来篱下总垂头。
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病请至三不得许在任调治既小愈作
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：
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倪元璐
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乍似蛾穿出茧关，惭人丝锦索痴顽。不开后閤主投辖，几失藏舟天赐环。
多事角蹄占白黑，罪言肘手诉朱殷。拚将髀肉填鞍债，耐看朝回马上山。
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送张伯徵下第归双林
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明代：
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湛若水
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说到双林吾爱之，况有好鸟翻相依。高枝密荫养奇翅，他日一鸣翀天飞。