酒泉子·长忆西山
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宋代]：潘阆
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长忆西山，灵隐寺前三竺后，冷泉亭上旧曾游，三伏似清秋。
白猿时见攀高树，长啸一声何处去？别来几向画图看，终是欠峰峦！
酒泉子·长忆西山鉴赏
上片起首一句点明题旨，然后直接进入回忆。第二句用两个地名词和两个方位词，带出了寺前山后的一切风景点。第三句是近景小景，展现了广阔的背景以后，再专门回味游览冷泉这一名胜时的情形，自然也有举一点以见全貌的作用。以上两句是全篇中唯一正面写景的地方，但句中只标明地点方位和说明旧日曾经亲游，至于这里的风景到底怎样美好，作者却不直说。这样写可以让读者驰骋想象，他们有可能填补出比任何笔墨、色彩都多得多、美得多的景象来，这是艺术空白的妙用。上片结尾一句意思是说这里游憩，即使酷热的三伏天也如清爽的秋日。如果说前两句写景只点出景哪里，是使用了艺术的拙笔的话，那么这一句无边的美景之上精心捕捉山光物态的神韵，则使用了艺术的巧笔。
过片两句是想象。冷泉亭左侧有呼猿洞，相传晋代僧人慧理曾蓄白猿于此。这两句虚事实写，更添了西山灵气。从内容上看，作者这两句中似乎还通过白猿的长啸而去，怀念杳无踪迹的慧理，然后再通过对慧理的追缅，遥寄自己许身湖山、与猿为侣的愿望。结拍两句，意思是说：别后因为甚思西山而不可得，只好找来西山的画图频频观看，但那上面终究找不出真山峰的美质来。这里用图画作为反衬，西山的灵姿秀气因此更为突出了。“欠峰峦”，指缺少峰峦，实际上是说没有好的峰峦。“画图”，别本作“画阑”（“阑”同“栏”），说诗人所处的地方多次凭阑而望，终是看不到西山那些优美的山峰。这样当然也通，但少了西山比图画更美丽这层意思。
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潘阆《
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酒泉子·长忆孤山》
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杜甫《
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遣兴》
潘阆简介
唐代·潘阆的简介
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潘阆（?～1009）宋初著名隐士、文人。字梦空，一说字逍遥，号逍遥子，大名（今属河北）人，一说扬州(今属江苏)人。性格疏狂，曾两次坐事亡命。真宗时释其罪，任滁州参军。有诗名，风格类孟郊、贾岛，亦工词，今仅存《酒泉子》十首。
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