题君山
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唐代]：雍陶
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烟波不动影沉沉，碧色全无翠色深。
疑是水仙梳洗处，一螺青黛镜中心。
题君山译文及注释
译文
湘山的倒影向天连，碧水山色啊掩映天。
或许湘君前来梳洗，君山望镜自照面颜。
注释
君山：又叫湘山、洞庭山，在湖南省洞庭湖中。古代神话传说：这山是舜妃湘君姐妹居住和游玩的地方，所以为君山。
烟波：洞庭湖的沏面。烟，一作“风”。影：指君山投到湖面的倒影。
碧色：淡颜色。翠色：深颜色。
疑：一作“应”。水仙：水中女神，即湘君姐妹。
一螺青黛：一说是古代一种制成螺形的黛墨，作绘画用，女子也用来画眉；一说是指女人发髻，这里用发髻。镜：用洞庭湖的湖面比作镜子。
参考资料：
1、尚作恩 等 ．晚唐诗译释 ：黑龙江人民出版社 ，1987 ：25-27 ．
题君山鉴赏
《题君山》是唐代诗人雍陶创作的一首七言绝句。全诗以逼真地描绘君山倒影入手，笔势凝致，重彩描绘出君山涵映水中的深翠倒影。继之诗情转向虚幻，将神话传说附会于君山的倒妙之中，以意取胜，写得活泼，善于想象，富有浪漫主义色彩。作者在不借助浓词艳句而竭力形象雕饰的原则下，把事物摹写得维妙维肖，准确表现辜物的形态，蕴藉深刻，达到形神俱备的艺术境界。
八百里洞庭，烟波浩渺。历来诗人都写它的阔大壮盛的气象，留下了“气蒸云梦泽，波撼岳阳城”、“吴楚东南坼，乾坤日夜浮”等名句。而雍陶的这首绝句，却别出心裁，以纤巧轻柔的笔触，描绘了一幅“澄泓湛凝绿，物影巧相映”（韩愈《岳阳楼别窦司直》）的精细图景，并融入美丽的神话传说，构成新巧而又清丽的篇章。
诗中写君山，没有用色彩浓丽的词藻作刻画、形容，而只是信手走笔，以极其朴素简练的笔墨操物构景，勾勒出开阔的画面。开首用“烟波”一词别开生面地写君山的倒影以起笔，作者虽写君山之貌，但先避开，没直写，而用平静如镜的湖水来衬托君山气势的凝重。用“影沉沉”来突写君山磅礴之状。“碧”是湖色之浅淡，岌翠”指山色之浓重。此笔抑碧水而扬青山，以湖作背景，突现君山。作者首先描绘的不是偌大的洞庭湖，也不是苍翠的君山，而是用山的照影来写山的气势。这幅深浅各异的山水画，画面上水天相连，有一山的倒影正好列于画屏当中。上面的湖色与影中的山色，山色重于湖色，深翠与浅碧两两对照，映衬出君山倒影的鲜明突出。这幅写意山水画，勾勒出事物的形态时用的是粗略的笔俗，所着的色彩既淡雅也很单一，自然突出了君山可爱的生趣。
这种富有神秘色彩的宁静，很容易引发出诗人的遐想。所以三、四句笔锋一转，将湘君、湘夫人的神话传说，融合在湖山景物的描绘中。古代神话传说，舜妃湘君姊妹化为湘水女神而遨游于洞庭湖山之上。君山又名湘山，就是得名于此。所以“疑是水仙梳洗处”这一句，诗人在仿佛之间虚写一笔：“洞庭君山大概是水中女仙居住梳洗的地方吧？”再以比拟的手法轻轻点出：“一螺青黛镜中间。”这水中倒影的君山，很像镜中女仙青色的螺髻。
洞庭君山以它的秀美，吸引着不少诗人为之命笔。“遥望洞庭山水翠，白银盘里一青螺。”刘禹锡这两句诗，同样也是以螺髻来形容，不过这是刻画了遥望水面白浪环绕之中的君山的情景。雍陶这一首，则全从水中的倒影来描绘，来生发联想，显得更为轻灵秀润。起笔两句，不仅湖光山色倒影逼真，而且笔势凝敛，重彩描画出君山涵映水中的深翠的倒影。继而诗情转向虚幻，将神话传说附会于君山倒影之中，以意取胜，写得活脱轻盈。这种“镜花水月”、互相映衬的笔法，构成了这首小诗新巧清丽的格调，从而使君山的秀美，形神两谐地展现出来。
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谢灵运《
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王国维《
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点绛唇·高峡流云》
雍陶简介
唐代·雍陶的简介
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雍陶（约789~873以前），字国钧，成都人。工于词赋。有《唐志集》五卷，今传。
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