永遇乐·彭城夜宿燕子楼
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宋代]：苏轼
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彭城夜宿燕子楼，梦盼盼，因作此词。
明月如霜，好风如水，清景无限。曲港跳鱼，圆荷泻露，寂寞无人见。紞如三鼓，铿然一叶，黯黯梦云惊断。夜茫茫，重寻无处，觉来小园行遍。
天涯倦客，山中归路，望断故园心眼。燕子楼空，佳人何在，空锁楼中燕。古今如梦，何曾梦觉，但有旧欢新怨。异时对，黄楼夜景，为余浩叹。
永遇乐·彭城夜宿燕子楼译文及注释
译文
明月如霜般洁白，好风就如同清水一样清凉，秋天的夜景清幽无限。弯弯的水渠中，鱼儿跳出水面，圆圆的荷叶上，露珠随风落下，但夜深人静，这样好的美景却无人看见。三更鼓声，声声响彻夜空，一片树叶悄悄落到地上，轻音竟把我的梦惊断。夜色茫茫，再也见不到黄昏时的景色，醒来后我把小园处处寻遍。
那长期在外地的游子早已疲倦，看那山中的归路，对着故乡家园苦苦地思念。看如今燕子楼空空荡荡，佳人盼盼已经不在，楼中的画堂里空留着那呢喃双燕。古今万事皆成空，还有几人能从梦中醒来，有的只是难了的旧欢新怨。后世有人，面对着这黄楼夜色，定会为我深深长叹。
注释
彭城：今江苏徐州。燕子楼：唐徐州尚书张建封（一说张建封之子张愔）为其爱妓盼盼在宅邸所筑小楼。
紞如：击鼓声。
铿然：清越的音响。
梦云：夜梦神女朝云。云，喻盼盼。典出宋玉《高唐赋》楚王梦见神女：“朝为行云，暮为行雨”。惊断：惊醒。
心眼：心愿。
黄楼：徐州东门上的大楼，苏轼徐州知州时建造。
参考资料：
1、蘅塘退士 等 ．唐诗三百首·宋词三百首·元曲三百首 ．北京 ：华文出版社 ，2009年11月版 ：第210-211页 ．
永遇乐·彭城夜宿燕子楼创作背景
这首词写于公元1078年（宋神宗元丰元年）苏轼任徐州知州时。这首词的创作背景据词前小序，已可略知端倪，是一首记梦词。他的灵魂从梦境中得到了净化和升华。醒来后十分感慨，写下这首别具意境的佳作。
参考资料：
1、周汝昌 等 ．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（唐·五代·北宋） ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1988年4月版 ：第704-706页 ．
永遇乐·彭城夜宿燕子楼鉴赏
上片写梦醒，深夜寂静，明月如霜，在弯弯曲曲的池子里，鱼儿跳出水面，圆圆的荷叶上滚下了晶莹的露珠。三更时分，夜深人静，一片树叶落地都铿然有声，自己从梦中惊醒，夜色茫茫，踏遍小园寻找旧梦，却无处可得。写夜景，以夜间轻微的声响衬托夜间的寂静，写梦仅用“梦云惊断”一笔带过，无处寻梦，不禁黯然神伤。
下片写自己这个“天涯倦客”在清幽的深夜被秋声惊醒后惟见“燕子楼空”，感到无限惆怅。接着便由张与关盼盼的故事引出对整个人类历史无限深沉的感慨，昔日燕子楼中的旧事，已如梦一般地逝去，而古往今来无数代人的欢乐、怨恨，又何尝不像它一样也如一连串连续的梦境？世人不明此理，固如大梦未醒。而大梦已醒的词人自己，此时此地所感发的人生感叹，在后人看来，难道不也是一场梦！这种对人生深刻的思考，显示了苏轼内心对于整个人类历史的怀疑和迷惘，表现了他对宇宙、人生以及整个社会进程的忧患情绪。结合现实处境，表达了自己盼归难归，触景伤情，怀古伤今的感伤。语言高度凝练概括，仅“燕子楼空”三句，便说尽张建封（当为张）事，写景如画，感情浓郁，具有强烈的抒情色彩。低沉而感伤的情绪正是词人厌倦官场的心绪在词作中的艺术折射。词境的开阔，题材的阔大，又是词人把社会、历史以及对人生哲理性思考引入词作的豪爽表现。
词人莅临徐州，宿于唐代名妓关盼盼的燕子楼。是夜，明月皎洁如霜，好风清凉如水，此为大景，以静衬托夜之深。鱼跳曲港，露泻圆荷，此为小景，以动反衬夜之静。如此静夜，自能梦遇佳人。然三更鼓响，一片叶落，忽然惊醒，于是怅然若失，起而寻梦上征融情入景，若梦若醒，亦真亦幻，给人以惝恍迷离之感。下片由人亡楼空，直抒感慨，把故园之思，今昔这感、人生如梦之叹，打成一片。他从自己今日凭吊燕子楼，推想到他日后人又将凭吊自己所建的黄楼，一种人生须臾、荣枯无常的感慨袭上心头，使他深有"古今如梦，何尝梦觉"之慨。看来，这燕子楼的一梦，也不特是艳遇而已，更暴光坡心境的一次澄化。
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张孝祥《
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念奴娇 过洞庭》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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韩维
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双双河洲禽，文彩披丹质。
飞翔不离渚，鸣戏自终日。
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句
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：
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李綯
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收得桑榆归物外，种成桃李满人间。