苍梧谣·天
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宋代]：蔡伸
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天。休使圆蟾照客眠。人何在，桂影自婵娟。
苍梧谣·天译文及注释
译文
天啊，不要让这一轮圆月照得我这离家的人无法安眠。面对满月，孤身一人，心中的那个她在哪儿呢？月宫里，只有桂树的影子斑斑驳驳，无人赏看。
注释
圆蟾：圆月。蟾：蟾蜍。屈原《天问》有“顾菟在腹”之句，即蟾蜍在月亮腹中。后来就以蟾蜍为月亮的代称。
桂影：月影。婵娟：美好。这两句是说月中桂影空自婆娑，而月下却不见伊人佳影。
苍梧谣·天鉴赏
夜空中的一轮圆月，惯会助人哀伤快乐。人们高兴时，那明月便洒下皎洁的柔辉，为人助兴、凑趣——“我歌月徘徊，我舞影零乱”（李白《月下独酌》）；人们忧伤时，那月色也顿时变得冷幽幽的，照得人倍感凄凉，令人难耐，——“明月，明月，照得离人愁绝”（冯延巳词）。
《苍悟谣》里的这位“离人”，叫明月照得失眠了，于是他苦恼极了，呼天而叹：“天！休使圆蟾照客眠！”（圆蟾，即圆月；传说月中有蟾蜍。）意思是说老天啊，不要再让这圆月照得这我离家的人睡不着觉了！这位他乡之客本来就满怀离愁别绪；何况月下独立，又怎能不思念“隔千里兮共明月”的那一位呢？
再说，如水月光，也容易使人毫无睡意，“明月皎皎照我床”，“牵牛织女遥相望”（曹丕《燕歌行》），这怎么能睡得着呢？而那月光，又偏爱照失眠人，这真是：“明月不谙离恨苦，斜光到晓穿朱户！”（晏殊《蝶恋花》）月圆之夜，本是亲人团聚之时。可是词人呢？却是月圆人未圆。难怪这位离人终于压抑不住，不得由仰天长叹了。可见，这句“天！休使圆蟾照客眠”。是经过一番千回百折的苦恼之后发出的百般无奈的叹息之词！
月光如练，然而人隔千里，这边是他乡仰望，那边是闺中独看。这位痴GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人不禁异想天开了，说：月亮啊，据说你是一面宝镜，你能照出她的芳姿倩影吗？“人何在？桂影自婵娟！”他凝视着那轮明月，那嫦娥般美丽的身影在何处呢？只有桂影疏密有致，空自盘旋罢了。
此时此地，他可能情不自禁地想起他俩月下携手漫步的美好时光。然而此时呢？人却远隔千里，这多么令人愁怅啊！
这首小词通过对圆月观感，抒发出沉挚的思念之情。寥寥十六个字，然而曲折有致。这种“含不尽之意见于言外”（梅尧臣语）的高妙描写手法，真可谓“以少胜多”了。
汉乐府里有《上邪》一曲，意思就是“天哪！”这首小词也采用这种咏叹手法，且全用口语述之，富有民谣色彩。这首小词在婉约词中，显得十分清新别致。
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蔡伸《
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苍梧谣·天》
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下一首：
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李清照《
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蝶恋花·暖雨晴风初破冻》
蔡伸简介
唐代·蔡伸的简介
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蔡伸（1088—1156）字伸道，号友古居士，莆田（今属福建）人，蔡襄孙。政和五年（1115）进士。宣和年间，出知潍州北海县、通判徐州。赵构以康王开大元帅幕府，伸间道谒军门，留置幕府。南渡后，通判真州，除知滁州。秦桧当国，以赵鼎党被罢，主管台州崇道观。绍兴九年（1139），起知徐州，改知德安府。后为浙东安抚司参谋官，提举崇道观。绍兴二十六年卒，年六十九。《宋史翼》有传。伸少有文名，擅书法，得祖襄笔意。工词，与向子諲同官彭城漕属，屡有酬赠。有《友古居士词》一卷。 存词175首。
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