剑器近·夜来雨
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宋代]：袁去华
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夜来雨。赖倩得、东风吹住。海棠正妖娆处。且留取。
悄庭户。试细听、莺啼燕语。分明共人愁绪。怕春去。
佳树。翠阴初转午。重帘卷，乍睡起、寂寞看风絮。偷弹清泪寄烟波，见江头故人，为言憔悴如许。彩笺无数。去却寒暄，到了浑无定据。断肠落日千山暮。
剑器近·夜来雨译文及注释
译文
夜间的绵绵细雨，那带雨的海棠花分外美丽。愿这美景长留不去。
庭院中悄然无声。我用心仔细听，小燕黄莺啼唱声声悦耳，分明与人一样明白人间情意，生怕春天走得太快。
枝条美丽的绿树，树荫一片转过正午。我刚刚睡起，层层帘幕还未卷起，我一个人寂寞地观看纷飞的柳絮。我偷偷抹去伤心的眼泪，寄与那烟波浩荡的江水，待并水流到江头的故人那里，告诉她我凄凉之景。唉，你寄来的情书虽然多，除去那些问候话，归期却毫不定，也未说何时才归来。夕阳中我凝神远望，所见到千山茫茫，令人断肠。
注释
剑器近：词牌名。《剑器》，唐舞曲。杜甫有《观公孙大娘舞剑器行》。“近”为宋教坊曲体之一种，如《祝英台近》之类皆是。《宋史·乐志》：“教坊奏《剑器曲》，一属‘中吕宫’，一属‘黄钟宫’。”此当是截取《剑器曲》中之一段为之。双片九十六字，前片八仄韵，后片七仄韵。音节极低回掩抑。
赖：依靠。
倩：请、托。
住：停止。
妖娆：妖媚艳丽。形容景色异常艳丽。 一作“娇饶”。
处：时候，季节。
莺啼燕语：莺啼婉转，燕语呢喃。形容春光明媚。：
翠阴：苏轼《贺新郎》词：“悄无人，桐阴转午，晚凉新淡。”。
偷弹：孟浩然《宿桐庐江寄广陵旧游》诗：“还将两行泪，遥寄海西头。”此处化用其意。
彩笺：彩色的笺纸。常供题诗或书信用。
去却：除去。
寒暄：问候起居寒暖的客套话。
到了：到信的结尾。
浑无定据：浑，全。没有一点确切的消息。
参考资料：
1、上彊邨民(编) 蔡义江（解）． 宋词三百首全解 ．上海： 复旦大学出版社，2008/11/1： 第190-191页
2、吕明涛，谷学彝编著 ． 宋词三百首．北京：中华书局，2009.7 ：第191-192页
剑器近·夜来雨创作背景
词抒写闺中的春愁。这是作者根据宋教坊《剑器曲》中的一段而改编创制的新曲，又由于它上、中两片的字句声韵相同 ，故又称为“双拽头”，这是三叠词中比较特殊的一种形式，词的内容是伤春怀人，情调格外忧伤。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋等著 ．《唐宋词鉴赏辞典》（南宋·辽·金卷） ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社， 1988年版（2010年5月重印）：第1351-1352页
剑器近·夜来雨鉴赏
此词以柔笔抒离情，共分三段，前面两段是双曳头，即句式、声韵全都相同。（周邦彦的《瑞龙吟》前面两段也是双曳头，其内容先是走马访旧，其二是触景忆旧）。在此词，前两段虽然都是写景，但第一段是写眼前所见的，第二段是写耳际所听到的；不仅有变化，而且能以怀人深情融入景物中。
第一段前二句写夜来风雨。前人都说众芳飘零，是风雨肆虐所致，“满地残红宫锦污，昨夜南园风雨。”（王安国《清平乐》）“雨横风狂三月暮，……乱红飞过秋千去。”（欧阳修《蝶恋花》）而词人却说是由于夜间春雨连绵，东风劲吹所导致的。“海棠”两句，以“留取”两字，点出眼前景象，正如李清照所云：“昨夜雨疏风骤。浓睡不消残酒。试问卷帘人，却道海棠依旧。”（《如梦令》）两词都并不落入为花落而伤心的俗套，而着重赞赏雨后的海棠依旧妖娆景色，对此王雱在《倦寻芳》词中有细致的描绘：“翠径莺来，惊下乱红铺绣。倚危栏，登高榭，海棠著雨胭脂透。”正是这雨后分外妩媚娇艳的海棠，而暂且把春光留住了。
第二段“悄庭户”两句，写庭院寂寂，了无人声。“细听”两字，接“悄”字而来，形容“莺啼燕语”之细啐轻微。“分明”两句，借莺声燕语托出作者的惜春之心。文人伤春，以各种方式诉述其衷肠，有的是无可奈何的，如“杏园憔悴杜鹃啼，无奈春归”（秦观《画堂春》）。也有嗟叹无计留春的，如“一簪华发，少欢饶恨，无计留春且住”（晁补之《金凤钩》）。而贺铸却愿意春把相思之情带去“半黄梅子，向晚一帘疏雨。断魂分付与，春将去。”（《感后恩》）在此词，是以莺啼宛转、燕语呢喃，似乎都在愁留春不住，这不仅与前面“且留取”呼应，而且又引出自己的惜春之情。
第三段开头“翠阴初转午”，以树影位置表述时间，诗词中经常见到。如说正午则有刘禹锡的“日午树阴正”（《昼居池上亭独吟》）、周邦彦的“午阴嘉树清圆”（《满庭芳》）；说过午则有苏轼和李玉的《虞美人》两者，都用“庭阴转午”。“转午”即树影转过正午位置，而稍向东偏，表示太阳将要西落。此句言“初转午”，则午昼正长。昼长人倦，于是有昼眠之情况。下径接“乍睡起、寂寞看风絮”，无论睡时还是起后，都透露出作者孤独无聊的感情，“重帘未卷”，可以体会作者疲倦的感受，同时将上面的“愁绪”和下面的怀人之情联系起来。
“偷弹”三句写相思之情极深，词人在另一首《安公子》中亦有“独立东风弹泪眼，寄烟波东去”之句，都是借助东流的江水，请其将自己一片深衷，满怀幽恨，带给伊人。这种构思，似又从周邦彦《还京乐》词句转化出来的“彩笺”三句，承以上怀人情意而来，久别之后盼望着重逢，以切望来书告知归期；苦恨信中除掉寒暄之外别无他语，到头来归期仍是难以知晓。晏几道词“欲尽此情书尺素。浮雁沉鱼，终了无凭据”（《蝶恋花》），也说的是书信难达，相会之期难卜。这里面有盼望，也有笔墨难以形容的幽怨。
末句以景语作结，词意从柳永《夜半乐》结句“惨离怀、空恨岁晚归期阻。凝泪眼、杳杳神京路。断鸿声远长天暮”转化而来。柳永在他乡作客，离别了伊人，不知何时才能回归；怅望着长天，那苍然的暮色和声声远去的雁叫声，使作者更增添了思念之情。此词末句刻画暮色中的落日和千山，似乎也在为词人献愁供恨，更觉相思之情，不能自已。
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白居易《
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夜雨》
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贺铸《
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南歌子·疏雨池塘见》
袁去华简介
唐代·袁去华的简介
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袁去华，字宣卿，江西奉新（一作豫章）人。生卒年均不详，约宋高宗绍兴末前后在世。绍兴十五年（公元一一四五年）进士。改官知石首县而卒。善为歌词，尝为张孝祥所称。去华著有适斋类稿八卷，词一卷，著有《适斋类稿》、《袁宣卿词》、《文献通考》传于世。存词90余首。
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宋庠
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平日开黄阁，兹辰奠素旗。留侯尝辟谷，岩说遂骑箕。
天迥哀笳咽，林长导翣迟。行人此堕泪，何必岘亭碑。
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山家五首 其三
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宋代：
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陆游
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长生固非道，得道自长生。书不传关尹，言谁契广成。
罗浮观日出，句曲听松声。闻说长安好，何妨醉太平。
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瑶华 感事作
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：
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问云
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东风锦幕，彩仗轮辉，报新翻传帖。披红石兽，长荫里、顿染唐花香馥。
熏弦拨断，做愁听、谁哀空劫。待扫尘、深巷迷烟，冷落余霞霜发。