早发定山
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南北朝]：沈约
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夙龄爱远壑，晚莅见奇山。
标峰彩虹外，置岭白云间。
倾壁忽斜竖，绝顶复孤圆。
归海流漫漫，出浦水溅溅。
野棠开未落，山樱发欲然。
忘归属兰杜，怀禄寄芳荃。
眷言采三秀，徘徊望九仙。
早发定山译文及注释
韵译
从小就钟爱高山远壑，晚年外任才见到奇山。
奇峰标插在彩虹之外，峻岭安置在白云之间。
倾昃峭壁像忽然斜竖，耸峙的绝顶孤直弧圆。
流向大海啊江水漫漫，出涧的溪流雪浪激溅。
野棠妖冶鲜艳花未落，山樱绚丽通红似火燃。
流连忘返倾心于兰杜，怀禄仕宦寄情于芳荃。
只想采花开三次灵芝，向往九仙徘徊不离去。
散译
早年爱去远方的深谷漫游，老来见到这奇山多么快乐。
山颠耸立在彩虹之上，白云在它的腰际飞飘。
斜倾的崖壁像要忽然跌倒，绝顶伸出浑圆的帽峰一座。
宽阔的江流奔入大海，经过急滩有万颗浪珠溅落。
野海棠花开得正繁，山樱桃怒放丹红如火。
幽兰和杜若诱人忘了回归，官禄未辞心总为芳荃恋慕。
一心想去采一年开花三次的灵芝，向往九仙徘徊不忍离去。
注释
定山：一名狮子山，在浙江余杭东南。
夙龄：少年，早年。
晚莅：即莅晚。到了晚年时。
标：树立。
置：放置。
倾壁：顷危的峭壁。
归海流：流向大海。漫漫：水无涯际的样子。
浦（pǔ）：河流向江海的入口。溅溅：水流急速的样子。
然：通“燃”。
兰杜：兰草和杜若。
怀禄：怀恋禄位。芳荃：香草。
眷言：眷恋。三秀：灵芝，一年开三次花，传说服之可以成仙。
九仙：九类仙人。
参考资料：
1、弘征 ．汉魏六朝诗三百首：湖南人民出版社，2006年：436页
早发定山创作背景
这首诗是南朝齐郁林王隆昌元年（494）春天，诗人沈约自吏部郎任上出为东阳太守，赴任途中经过定山时有感而作。
参考资料：
1、罗时进．山水诗选：凤凰出版社，2012年：33页
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沈约简介
唐代·沈约的简介
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沈约（441~513年），字休文，汉族，吴兴武康（今浙江湖州德清）人，南朝史学家、文学家。出身于门阀士族家庭，历史上有所谓“江东之豪，莫强周、沈”的说法，家族社会地位显赫。祖父沈林子，宋征虏将军。父亲沈璞，宋淮南太守，于元嘉末年被诛。沈约孤贫流离，笃志好学，博通群籍，擅长诗文。历仕宋、齐、梁三朝。在宋仕记室参军、尚书度支郎。著有《晋书》、《宋书》、《齐纪》、《高祖纪》、《迩言》、《谥例》、《宋文章志》，并撰《四声谱》。作品除《宋书》外，多已亡佚。
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