引水行
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唐代]：李群玉
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一条寒玉走秋泉，引出深萝洞口烟。
十里暗流声不断，行人头上过潺湲。
引水行译文及注释
译文
那引水的竹筒像一条寒玉，潺潺的秋水在竹槽里流动。泉水汩汩流出，在藤萝的掩映下，水雾像不绝如缕的清烟般缓缓弥漫开来。
在这绵延十多里的地带里，清幽的暗流在隐隐作声。行人走在下面，如听天籁，只闻其声，不见其形。
注释
寒玉：清冷的玉石。古代诗人常用来形容月亮、清泉、翠竹等东西，这里指用竹筒做的渡槽。
深萝：指藤萝深掩。烟：指洞口蒙蒙如烟的水雾。
暗流：指泉水在竹筒里流动，行人只听到它的响声却看不见它的流淌。
潺湲：一作“潺潺”，形容水流动的声音。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（下）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986：1456
2、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：405-406
引水行创作背景
李群玉所处的时代，朝廷腐败，日甚一日。在这种状况下，不少人产生了这个时期特有的忧郁感。诗人们大多转向以抒写个人情思为主，而直接反映人民疾苦、社会疮痍的作品则不多见。李群玉也被时代所左右，这首《引水行》便是这样的作品。
参考资料：
1、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：405-406
2、刘学锴 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：1238-1239
引水行鉴赏
唐代诗歌题材丰富，内容广阔，生动地反映出社会生活的千姿百态。但劳动人民改造自然的斗争，却很少得到反映。像李白的《秋浦歌·炉火照天地》这种描绘壮美的劳动场景的诗作，竟如空谷足音。这是封建文人的时代局限和阶级局限所造成的。正因为这样，李群玉的这首《引水行》便给人耳目一新的感觉。
诗里描写的是竹筒引水，多见于南方山区。凿通腔内竹节的长竹筒，节节相连，把泉水从高山洞口引到需要灌溉或饮用的地方，甚至直接通到人家的水缸里，丁冬之声不绝，形成南方山区特有的富于诗意的风光。
一、二两句写竹筒引泉出洞。一条寒玉，是对引水竹筒的生动比喻。李贺曾用“削玉”形容新竹的光洁挺拔（见《昌谷北园新笋》），这里用“寒玉”形容竹筒的碧绿光洁，可谓异曲同工。不说“碧玉”而说“寒玉”，是为了与“秋泉”相应，以突出引水的竹筒给人带来的清然泠然的感受。寒玉秋泉，益见水之清洌，也益见竹之光洁。玉是固体，泉却是流动的，“寒玉走秋泉”，仿佛不可能。但正是这样，才促使读者去寻求其中奥秘。原来这条“寒玉”竟是中空贯通的。泉行筒中，是看不见的，只能自听觉得之。所以“寒玉走秋泉”的比喻本身，就蕴含着诗人发现竹筒引水奥秘的欣喜之情。
“引出深萝洞口烟。”这句是说泉水被竹筒从幽深的泉洞中引出。泉洞外面，常有藤萝一类植物缠绕蔓生；洞口附近，常蒙着一层烟雾似的水汽。“深萝洞口烟”描绘的正是这种景色。按通常顺序，应先写深萝泉洞，再写竹筒流泉，这里倒过来写，是由于诗人先发现竹筒流泉，其声淙淙，然后才按迹循踪，发现它来自幽深的岩洞。这样写不但符合观察事物的过程，而且能将最吸引人的新鲜景物先描绘出来，收到先声夺人的艺术效果。
“十里暗流声不断，行人头上过潺湲。”竹筒引水，一般都是顺着山势，沿着山路，由高而低，蜿蜒而下。诗人的行程和竹筒的走向一样，都是由山上向山下，所以多数情况下都和连绵不断的竹筒相伴而行，故说“十里暗流声不断”。有时山路折入两山峡谷之间，而渡槽则凌空跨越，这就成了“行人头上过潺湲”。诗不是说明文，花费很大气力去说明某一事物，即使再精确，也不见得有感人的艺术力量。这两句诗对竹筒沿山蜿蜒而下的描写是精确的，但它决不单纯是一种客观的不动感情的说明，而是充满诗的情趣的生动描写。关键就在于它写出了山行者和引水竹筒之间亲切的关系。十里山行，竹筒蜿蜒，泉流不断，似是有意与行人相伴。行人在寂寥的深山中赶路，邂逅如此良伴，会平添无限兴味。“十里暗流声不断”，不只是写竹筒流泉，而且写出了诗人在十里山行途中时时侧耳倾听竹筒流泉的琤琤清韵的情景：“行人头上过潺湲”，更生动地抒写了诗人耳闻目接之际那种新奇、喜悦的感受。
竹筒引水，是古代劳动人民巧纱地利用自然、改造自然的生动事例，改造自然的同时也为自然增添了新的景色，新的美。而这种景色本身，又是自然与人工的不露痕迹的和谐结合。它本就富于诗意，富于清新朴素的美感。但劳动人民用自己的智慧创造出来的这种美的事物，能为文人所发现、欣赏并加以生动表现的却不多。仅此一端，也足以使后人珍视这首《引水行》了。
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欧阳修《
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李白《
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和卢侍御通塘曲》
李群玉简介
唐代·李群玉的简介
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李群玉（808～862），字文山，唐代澧州人。澧县仙眠洲有古迹“水竹居”，旧志记为“李群玉读书处”。李群玉极有诗才，他“居住沅湘，崇师屈宋”，诗写得十分好。《湖南通志·李群玉传》称其诗“诗笔妍丽，才力遒健”。关于他的生平，据《全唐诗·李群玉小传》载，早年杜牧游澧时，劝他参加科举考试，并作诗《送李群玉赴举》，.但他“一上而止”。后来，宰相裴休视察湖南，郑重邀请李群玉再作诗词。他“徒步负琴，远至辇下”，进京向皇帝奉献自己的诗歌“三百篇”。唐宣宗“遍览”其诗，称赞“所进诗歌，异常高雅”，并赐以“锦彩器物”，“授弘文馆校书郎”。三年后辞官回归故里，死后追赐进士及第。
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宋代：
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戴炳
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君子如真金，真金刚不改。小人如浮云，瞬目多变态。
随世良独难，殉道乃无悔。近日崔菊坡，坚卧辞鼎鼐。