喜春来·七夕
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两汉]：佚名
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天孙一夜停机暇，人世千家乞巧忙，想双星心事密话头长。七月七，回首笑三郎。
喜春来·七夕译文及注释
译文
天上的织女这一晚不再织布，暂停了辛劳，人间却有千家万户忙着向她乞巧。想牛郎织女互诉一年的心事，悄悄话一定不少。七月七日佳节好，禁不住回首把唐明皇笑。
注释
天孙：织女，传说为天帝的孙女。
乞巧：农历七月初七晚上，妇女向月穿针的风俗。
三郎：唐明皇李隆基的小名。自居易《长恨歌》中，有唐明皇与杨贵妃七夕密誓的描写：“七月七日长生殿，夜半无人私语时。在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿为连理枝。”
喜春来·七夕鉴赏
一月一、三月三、五月五、七月七、九月九，在中国都是节日，真是有趣的巧合。元代的民间散曲家注意到这一点，作了同曲牌的组曲分咏它们，本篇就是其中的一支。既然是分咏，就必然要突出各个令节的特色。七夕的特色主要表现在两个方面：一是牛郎织女在夜间的相会，这是家喻户晓而又令人动容的美丽传说；二是民间妇女的“乞巧”风俗，《西京杂记》：“汉彩女常以七月七日穿针于开襟楼，俱以习之。”可见其来源颇为古老。除了向月穿针的“赛巧”外，还有用蜘蛛在瓜果、小盒中结网，以及用水盆浮以松针纤草布现图形的“得巧”。熙熙乐乐，热闹非凡。可以说没有哪一个节日，能像七夕这样，与日常生活及幸福理想同时如此地贴近。
这支小令仅用两旬对仗：“天孙一夜停机暇，人世千家乞巧忙”，就酣满地兼顾了七夕的两大特色，一“暇”一“忙”，相映成趣。从“天孙一夜”与“人世千家”的悬殊比照来看，作品的重心在于后者；但人世于七夕所领受的节日情味，其源头正是天上牛郎织女相会故事的浪漫色彩。所以第三句又转回了“双星”，他们在经过一年的久别后，心事自然深密，情话自然绵长。这一句并不用直述表示，而用一个“想”字领起，“想双星”的人儿，心儿该同双星靠得多么紧啊!缅怀、遐想、赞美、怜惜、期望、羡慕……全都包容在这“想”字中了。
于是就有了末二句的神来之笔：“七月七，回首笑三郎。”这段话有两重解释。据唐人陈鸿《长恨歌传》，天宝十载七夕，杨贵妃在骊山宫“独侍”唐玄宗。“上凭肩而立，因仰天感牛女事，密相誓心，愿世世为夫妇。”这也就是白居易《长恨歌》“七月七日长生殿”一段的本事，白诗引文详见注③。按照这样的理解，“回首”就是杨贵妃的现场动作，她“回眸一笑百媚生”，向着明皇传递脉脉情意；这两句通过李、杨二人在七夕夜的呢爱与密誓，表现了这一佳节对天下GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情人具有欢乐畅怀的不寻常意义。这是一重含意。然而，“他生未卜此生休”，明皇同贵妃不要说“世世”，在当世的夫妇也未能做到头。正是“三郎”本人，在“安史之乱”中违心地下令处死了对方。《长恨歌》记他El后还宫的情景：“西宫南内多秋草，落叶满阶红不扫。”“夕殿萤飞思悄然，孤灯挑尽未成眠”。他无疑在“西宫南内”的“夕殿”中悄然地消度过七夕。从这一意义上，“回首”就是对历史的回顾，“笑”也不是呢笑、媚笑，而是嘲笑和嗤笑了。一切在七夕节享受欢乐、尊重感情、珍护理想的情男爱女，都有资格“回首笑三郎”。这是又一重含意。两重解释都能成立，它们在并列中互为补充，且将情侣在“七月七”的热烈奔放表现得栩栩如生。小令至此虽戛然而止，却仍使人回味无尽，同末句的双关是分不开的。
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曹植《
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两仪篇》
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范成大《
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鹊桥仙·七夕》
佚名简介
唐代·佚名的简介
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宋代：
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明代：
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唐代：
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徐铉
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右蜀分忧辍近臣，翩翩旄节下青冥。
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